RUSSELL, Bertrand Arthur William.3d Earl Russell. (1872-1970), English mathematician and philosopher. Influenced by G.E. Moore, became a physical Realist (from 1898); imprisoned for pacifist views (1918); in later years involved in protesting nuclear weapons and Vietnam War. Awarded Nobel prize for literature (1950). Known especially for work in mathematical logic. Among his books were Principles of Mathematics (1903), Principia Mathematica (1910-13, with A.N. Whitehead), Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy (1919), The Analysis of Mind (1921), The A B C of Relativity (1925), The Analysis of Matter (1927), Education and the Social Order (1932), In Praise of Idleness (1935), History of Western Philosophy (1945), Human Knowledge, Its Scope and Limits (1948), Political Ideals (1963), Autobiography (1967-69).
Analytic Philosophy and the Vienna Circle